• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    VARIABLE FLOW RESISTANCE SYSTEM. A variable flow resistance system for use with an underground well may include a flow chamber through which a fluid composition flows, the chamber having at least two inlets, and a flow resistance which varies depending on the proportions of the composition. of fluid flowing into the chamber through respective inlet flow paths, and an actuator that varies the proportions. The actuator can divert the fluid composition towards one of the inlet flow paths. A method of variably controlling flow resistance in a well may include changing an orientation of a baffle relative to a passage through which a composition of the fluid flows, thereby influencing the composition of the fluid flowing toward the one of several inlet flow paths of a flow chamber, the chamber having a resistance to flow that varies depending on the proportions of fluid composition flowing into the chamber through the respective inlet flow paths.
    公开号:BR112013026041B1
    申请号:R112013026041-6
    申请日:2012-03-27
    公开日:2021-06-08
    发明作者:Michael L. Fripp；Jason D. Dykstra
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    technical field
    [001] This disclosure generally relates to equipment used and operations performed in conjunction with an underground well and, in an example described below, more particularly provides for a selectively variable flow restrictor. Background
    [002] In a hydrocarbon production well, it is often beneficial to be able to regulate the flow of fluids from an earth formation into a wellbore. A variety of effects can be offered by such regulation, including preventing water or gas cone formation, minimizing sand production, minimizing water and/or gas production, maximizing oil production, balancing production between zones, signal transmission, etc.
    [003] Therefore, it should be appreciated that advances in the technique of variably restricted fluid flow in a well would be desirable in the aforementioned circumstances, and such advances would also be beneficial in a wide variety of other circumstances. Invention Summary
    [004] In the disclosure below, a variable flow resistance system is provided which makes improvements to the technique of variably restricted fluid flow in a well. Examples are described below in which the flow is selectively restricted for various purposes.
    [005] In one aspect, a variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well is provided for the technique. The system may include a flow chamber through which a fluid composition flows, the chamber having at least two inlet flow paths, and a flow resistance that varies depending on the proportions of the fluid composition which flows into the chamber through the respective inflow paths. An actuator diverts a direction of fluid composition from the inlet flow paths.
    [006] In another aspect, a method for controlling the flow resistance, variably, in a well is described below. The method may include changing an orientation of a baffle with respect to a passage through which a fluid composition flows, thereby influencing the fluid composition to flow in a direction to one of several inlet flow paths of a flow chamber, the chamber having a resistance to flow that varies depending on the proportions of fluid composition flowing into the chamber through respective inlet flow paths.
    [007] These and other features, advantages and benefits will be apparent to a person skilled in the art after careful consideration of the detailed description of the following representative examples and the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are indicated in the various figures using the same reference numerals . Brief description of the drawings
    [008] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view partially representing a well system that may also incorporate the principles of this disclosure;
    [009] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view at an enlarged scale representing a portion of the well system;
    [0010] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view depicting a variable flow resistance system that can be used in the well system, the variable flow resistance system incorporating the principles of this disclosure, with the flow through the system being relatively no restrictions;
    [0011] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view depicting the variable flow resistance system, with the flow through the system being relatively restricted;
    [0012] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view representing another configuration of the variable flow resistance system, with the flow through the system being relatively restricted;
    [0013] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view representing the configuration of Figure 5 of the variable flow resistance system, with the flow through the system being relatively unrestricted;
    [0014] Figures 7-11 are diagrams representing actuator configurations that can be used in the variable flow resistance system;
    [0015] Figure 12 is a graph representing pressure or flow versus time in a method that can incorporate the principles of this disclosure; and
    [0016] Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view representing the method being used to transmit signals from the variable flux resistance system to a remote location. Detailed Description
    [0017] Representatively illustrated in Figure 1 is a well system 10 that can configure principles of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, a wellbore 12 has a generally vertical uncoated section 14 extending downwardly from a casing 16, as well as a generally horizontal uncoated section 18 extending through a soil formation 20.
    [0018] A tubular string 22 (such as a tubular production string) is installed in wellbore 12. Interconnected in tubular string 22 are multiple well screens 24, variable flow resistance systems 25 and plugs 26.
    [0019] The plugs 26 isolate an annular space 28 formed radially between the tubular column 22 and the wellbore section 18. In this way, fluids 30 can be produced from multiple intervals or zones of the formation 20 via isolated portions of the space annular 28 between adjacent pairs of plugs 26.
    [0020] Positioned between each adjacent pair of stoppers 26, a well sieve 24 and a variable flow resistance system 25 are interconnected in the tubular column 22. The well sieve 24 filters the fluids 30 flowing into the tubular column 22 a from the annular space 28. The variable flow resistance system 25 variably restricts the flow of fluids 30 into the tubular column 22 based on certain characteristics of the fluids and/or based on the operation of an actuator thereof (as described in detail below).
    [0021] At this point, it should be noted that the well system 10 is illustrated in the drawings and is described here as merely an example of a wide variety of well systems in which the principles of this disclosure can be used. It should be clearly understood that the principles of this disclosure are not limited to any of the details of the well system 10, or components thereof, depicted in the drawings or described herein.
    [0022] For example, it is not necessary in keeping with the principles of this disclosure that the wellbore 12 include a generally vertical wellbore section 14 or a generally horizontal wellbore section 18. It is not necessary for fluids 30 are only produced from formation 20 since, in other examples, fluids can be injected into a formation, fluids can be both injected into and produced from a formation, etc.
    [0023] It is not necessary for one of each well screen 24 and the variable flow resistance system 25 to be positioned between each adjacent pair of shutters 26. It is not necessary for a single variable flow resistance system 25 to be used in conjunction with a single well sieve 24. Any number, arrangement and/or combination of these components may be used.
    [0024] It is not necessary for any variable flow resistance system 25 to be used with a 24 well screen. For example, in injection operations, the injected fluid can be drained through a variable flow resistance system 25, without also drain through a 24 well sieve.
    [0025] It is not necessary for the well screens 24, variable flow resistance systems 25, plugs 26 or any other components of the tubular string 22 to be positioned in unlined sections 14, 18 of the wellbore 12. Any section of the hole of wellbore 12 can be lined or uncoated, and any portion of tubular string 22 can be positioned in an uncoated or lined section of the wellbore, to comply with the principles of this disclosure.
    [0026] It should be clearly understood, therefore, that this disclosure describes how to make and use certain examples, but the principles of disclosure are not limited to any details of those examples. Rather, these principles can be applied to a variety of other examples using knowledge gained from this disclosure.
    [0027] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it would be beneficial to be able to regulate fluid flow 30 within the tubular column 22 from each zone of formation 20, for example, to prevent water cone 32 formation or formation of gas cone 34 in formation. Other uses for flow regulation in a well include, but are not limited to, balancing production from (or injection into) multiple zones, minimizing production or injection of unwanted fluids, maximizing production or injection of desired fluids, etc.
    [0028] In the examples described below, the resistance to flow through system 25 can be selectively varied, on demand and/or in response to a particular condition. For example, the flow through the system 25 can be relatively restricted while the tubular string 22 is installed, and during a gravel packing operation, but the flow through the systems can be relatively unrestricted when producing fluid 30 from the formation 20. As another example, flow through systems 25 may be relatively restricted at elevated temperature indicative of steam penetration in a steam flood operation, but flow through systems may be relatively unrestricted at reduced temperatures.
    [0029] An example of the variable flow resistance systems 25 described more fully below may also increase flow resistance if a fluid velocity or density increases (e.g., to thereby balance flow between zones, prevent cone formation of water or gas, etc.), or increase flow resistance if a fluid viscosity decreases (eg to thereby restrict the flow of an unwanted fluid, such as water or gas, in an oil producing well).
    [0030] Whether a fluid is a desired or an unwanted fluid depends on the purpose of the production or injection operation being conducted. For example, if it is desired to produce oil from a well but not produce water or gas, then oil is a desired fluid and water and gas are unwanted fluids.
    [0031] Note that, at downhole temperatures and pressures, the hydrocarbon gas may actually be completely or partially in a liquid phase. Therefore, it should be understood that when the term "gas" is used herein, supercritical, liquid and/or gas phases are included within the scope of this term.
    [0032] Referring now further to Figure 2, an enlarged-scale cross-sectional view of one of the variable flow resistance systems 25 and a portion of one of the well screens 24 are representatively illustrated. In this example, a fluid composition 36 (which may include one or more fluids such as oil and water, liquid water and steam, oil and gas, gas and water, oil, water and gas, etc.) flows into the sieve well 24, is thus filtered, and then flows into an inlet 38 of the variable flow resistance system 25.
    [0033] A fluid composition can include one or more unwanted or desired fluids. Both water and steam can be combined in a fluid composition. As another example, oil, water and/or gas can be combined in a fluid composition.
    [0034] The flow of fluid composition 36 through variable flow resistance system 25 is resisted based on one or more characteristics (such as viscosity, velocity, etc.) of the fluid composition. The fluid composition 36 is then discharged from the variable flow resistance system 25 into the tubular column 22 via an outlet 40.
    [0035] In other examples, the well screen 24 may not be used in conjunction with the variable flow resistance system 25 (for example, in injection operations), the fluid composition 36 may flow in an opposite direction through the multiple elements of the well system 10 (eg in injection operations), a single variable flow resistance system can be used in conjunction with multiple well screens, multiple variable flow resistance systems can be used with one or more sieves, the fluid composition can be received from or discharged into regions of a well other than an annular space or a tubular column, the fluid composition can flow through the variable flow resistance system before flowing through the sieve. of well, any other components can be interconnected upstream or downstream of the well screen and/or variable flow resistance system, etc. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the principles of this disclosure are not limited at all to the details of the example depicted in Figure 2 and described herein.
    [0036] Although the well sieve 24 depicted in Figure 2 is of the type known to those skilled in the art as a wire-wrapped well sieve, any other types or combinations of well sieves (such as sintered, expanded, pre-packaged , wire mesh, etc.) can be used in other examples. Additional components (such as covers, bypass tubes, lines, instrumentation, sensors, flow control devices, etc.) can also be used if desired.
    [0037] The variable flux resistance system 25 is shown in simplified form in Figure 2, but in a preferred example the system may include multiple passages and devices to perform various functions, as described more fully below. Additionally, the system 25 preferably at least partially extends circumferentially over the tubular column 22, or the system may be formed in a wall of a tubular structure interconnected as part of the tubular column.
    [0038] In other examples, the system 25 may not extend circumferentially over a tubular column or be formed into a wall of a tubular structure. For example, system 25 can be formed into a flat structure, etc. The system 25 can be in a separate housing that is connected to the tubular column 22, or it can be oriented so that the axis of the outlet 40 is parallel to the axis of the tubular column. The system 25 can be in a profiling column or connected to a device that is not tubular in shape. Any orientation or configuration of system 25 may be used in keeping with the principles of this disclosure.
    Referring now further to Figure 3, a cross-sectional view of an example of system 25, taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2, is representatively illustrated. The example variable flow resistance system 25 shown in Figure 3 can be used in the well system 10 of Figures 1 and 2, or it can be used in other well systems in accordance with the principles of this disclosure.
    [0040] In Figure 3, it can be seen that the fluid composition 36 flows from inlet 38 to outlet 40 through passage 44, inlet flow paths 46, 48 and a flow chamber 50. stream 46, 48 are branches of passage 44 and cross chamber 50 at inlets 52, 54.
    [0041] Although in Figure 3 the flow paths 46, 48 diverge from the inlet passage 44 at approximately the same angle, in other examples the flow paths 46, 48 may not be symmetrical with respect to the passage 44. By For example, flow path 48 may diverge from inlet passage 44 by a smaller angle as compared to flow path 46, so that when an actuator member 62 is not extended (as shown in Figure 3), more of the fluid composition 36 will flow through flow path 48 to chamber 50.
    [0042] As depicted in Figure 3, more of the fluid composition 36 enters chamber 50 through flow path 48, due to the well-known Coandã effect or "wall effect". However, in other examples, fluid composition 36 may enter chamber 50 substantially equally through flow paths 46, 48.
    [0043] The resistance to flow of fluid composition 36 through system 25 depends on the proportion of fluid composition that flows into the chamber through respective flow paths 46, 48 and inlets 52, 54. As shown in the figure 3, approximately half of the fluid composition 36 flows into chamber 50 through flow path 46 and inlet 52, and about half of the fluid composition flows into chamber through flow path 48 and inlet 54.
    [0044] In this situation, the flow through system 25 is relatively unrestricted. Fluid composition 36 can easily flow between various structures 56 in chamber 50 en route to outlet 40.
    [0045] Referring now further to Figure 4, system 25 is representatively illustrated in another configuration, in which the resistance to flow through the system is increased, as compared to the configuration of Figure 3. Preferably, this increase in resistance to flow through the system is increased. system 25 flow is not due to a change in a property of the fluid composition 36 (although in other examples the increase in resistance to flow may be due to a change in a property of the fluid composition).
    [0046] As depicted in Figure 4, a baffle 58 has been displaced relative to passage 44 so that the fluid composition 36 is influenced to flow more toward the branch flow path 46. A larger proportion of the fluid composition 36 thus passes through flow path 46 and into chamber 50 through inlet 52 as compared to the proportion that flows into the chamber through inlet 54.
    [0047] When a larger part of the fluid composition 36 flows into the chamber 50 through the inlet 52, the fluid composition tends to rotate counterclockwise in the chamber (as seen in figure 4). Structures 56 are designed to promote such rotational flow in chamber 50, and as a result, more energy in the flowing fluid composition 36 is dissipated. Thus, the resistance to flow through the system 25 is increased in the configuration of figure 4 as compared to the configuration of figure 3.
    [0048] In this example, the deflector 58 is displaced by an actuator 60. Any type of actuator can be used for the actuator 60. The actuator 60 can be operated in response to any type of stimuli (eg electrical, magnetic, temperature , etc.).
    [0049] In other examples, the deflector 58 could move in response to erosion or corrosion of the deflector (ie, so that its surface is displaced). In another example, deflector 58 could be a sacrificial anode in a galvanic cell. In another example, the baffle 58 could move by being dissolved (eg, with the baffle being made of salt, polylactic acid, etc.). In yet another example, the deflector 58 could move by deposition on its surface (such as, from scale, asphaltenes, paraffins, etc., or from galvanic deposition as a protected cathode).
    [0050] Although Figure 4 shows that a member 62 of the actuator 60 has been moved to thereby move the deflector 58, in other examples the deflector can be moved without moving an actuator member from one position to another. Member 62 could instead change configuration (e.g. elongation, retraction, expansion, swelling, etc.) without necessarily moving from one position to another.
    [0051] Although in Figures 3 and 4 the flow chamber 50 has multiple inputs 52, 54, any number (including one) of inputs may be used within the scope of the present disclosure. For example, in US application Serial No. 12/792117, filed June 2, 2010, a flow chamber is described which has only a single inlet, but the resistance to flow through the chamber varies depending on the pathway that drains the path of most of a fluid composition entering the chamber.
    [0052] Another configuration of the variable flow resistance system is representatively illustrated in Figures 5 & 6. In this configuration, the resistance to flow through system 25 may be varied due to a change in a property of fluid composition 36, or in response to a particular condition or stimulus using actuator 60.
    [0053] In Figure 5, the fluid composition 36 has a relatively high velocity. As the fluid composition 36 flows through passage 44, it passes through multiple chambers 64 formed on one side of the passage. Each of the chambers 64 is in communication with a pressure operated fluid switch 66.
    [0054] At high velocities of fluid composition 36 in passage 44, reduced pressure will be applied to fluid switch 66 as a result of fluid composition flowing past chambers 64, and fluid composition will be influenced to flow toward to the branch of path 48, as shown in Figure 5. Most of the fluid composition 36 flows into chamber 50 through inlet 54, and the resistance to flow through system 25 is increased. At lower speeds and higher viscosities, more of the fluid composition 36 will flow into chamber 50 through inlet 52, and resistance to flow through system 25 is decreased due to less rotational flow in the chamber.
    [0055] In Figure 6, the actuator 60 was operated to divert the fluid composition 36 from the passage 44 toward the branch of the flow path 46. The rotational flow of the fluid composition 36 in the chamber 50 is reduced, and the resistance to flow through system 25 is therefore also reduced.
    [0056] Note that if the velocity of the fluid composition 36 in the passage 44 is reduced, or if the viscosity of the fluid composition is increased, a portion of the fluid composition may flow into the chambers 64 and into the switch. fluid 66, which also influences the fluid composition to flow further toward flow path 46. However, preferably, movement of baffle 58 is effective to direct fluid composition 36 to flow toward flow path 46. whether or not the fluid composition is flowing to the fluid switch 66 from chambers 64.
    [0057] Referring now further to Figures 7-11, examples of various configurations of the actuator 60 are representatively illustrated. The actuators 60 of figures 7-11 can be used in the variable flow resistance system 25, or they can be used in other systems in accordance with the principles of this disclosure.
    [0058] In Figure 7, the actuator 60 comprises the member 62 having the baffle 58 formed therein, or attached thereto. Member 62 comprises a material 68 that changes shape or moves in response to an electrical signal or stimulus from a controller 70. Electrical power may be supplied to controller 70 by a battery 72 or other source (such as an electrical generator , etc.).
    [0059] A sensor or detector 74 can be used to detect a signal transmitted to the actuator 60 from a remote location (such as the surface of the earth, a subsea wellhead, a platform, a production facility, etc.) . The signal can be a telemetry signal transmitted by, for example, acoustic waves, pressure pulses, electromagnetic waves, vibrations, pipe manipulations, etc. Any type of signal can be detected by detector 74 in accordance with the principles of this disclosure.
    [0060] Material 68 can be any type of material that can change shape or move in response to the application or withdrawal of an electrical stimulus. Examples include piezoceramics, piezoelectrics, electrostrictors, etc. A pyroelectric material may be included in order to generate electricity in response to a particular change in temperature. The electrical stimulus can be applied to shift the fluid composition 36 toward the branch of flow path 46, or to shift the fluid composition toward the branch of the flow path 48. Alternatively, the electrical stimulus can be applied when none deflection of fluid composition 36 by baffle 58 is desired.
    [0061] In Figure 8, member 62 comprises material 68 which, in this configuration, changes shape or moves in response to a magnetic signal or stimulus from controller 70. In this example, the electrical current supplied by controller 70 is converted to a magnetic field using a coil 76, but other techniques for applying a magnetic field to material 68 (eg permanent magnets, etc.) can be used if desired.
    [0062] The material 68 in this example can be any type of material that can change shape or move in response to the application or withdrawal of a magnetic field. Examples include magnetic shape memory materials, magnetostrictors, permanent magnets, ferromagnetic materials, etc.
    [0063] In one example, the member 62 and the coil 76 may comprise a voice coil or a solenoid. The solenoid could be a latch solenoid. In any of the examples described herein, the actuator 60 could be bistable and could lock out extended and/or retracted settings.
    [0064] The magnetic field can be applied to shift the fluid composition 36 towards the branch of flow path 46, or to shift the fluid composition towards the branch of the flow path 48. Alternatively, the magnetic field may be applied when no deviation of fluid composition 36 by baffle 58 is desired.
    [0065] In Figure 9, deflector 58 deflects fluid composition 36 flowing through passage 44. In one example, deflector 58 may shift relative to passage 44 due to erosion or corrosion of member 62. This erosion or corrosion it could be due to human intervention (for example, through contact of member 62 with a corrosive fluid), or it could be due to the passage of time (for example, due to the flow of fluid composition 36 over member 62).
    [0066] In another example, member 62 can be made to relatively rapidly corrode by becoming a sacrificial anode in a galvanic cell. A fluid electrolyte 78 can be selectively introduced into a passage 80 (such as through a line extending to a remote location, etc.) exposed to material 68, which may be less noble compared to other material 82, also exposed to the fluid.
    [0067] Member 62 may enlarge due to galvanic deposition on its surface, if, for example, the member is a protected cathode in the galvanic cell. Member 62 may, in other examples, enlarge due to deposition of scale, asphaltenes, paraffins, etc. about the member.
    [0068] In yet another example, material 68 could be swellable, and fluid 78 could be a type of fluid that causes the material to swell (ie, increase in volume). Various materials are known (for example, see US Patent Nos. 3,385,367 and 7,059,415, and US Publication Nos. 2004-0020662 and 2007-0257405) which swell in response to contact with water, liquid and/or gaseous hydrocarbons or hydrocarbons supercritical. Alternatively, material 68 could swell in response to fluid composition 36 comprising an increased ratio of desired fluid to unwanted fluid, or an increased ratio of undesirable fluid to desired fluid.
    [0069] In another example, material 68 could swell in response to a change in ion concentration (such as, a pH value of fluid 78, or fluid composition 36). For example, material 68 could comprise a hydrogel polymer.
    [0070] In yet another example, material 68 could swell or change shape in response to an increase in temperature. For example, material 68 could comprise a temperature sensitive wax or a thermal shape memory material, etc.
    [0071] In Figure 10, member 62 comprises a piston that moves in response to a pressure differential between passage 80 and passage 44. When this is desired to move baffle 58, the pressure in passage 80 is increased or decreased (eg through a line extending to a pressure source at a remote location, etc.) relative to the pressure in passage 44.
    [0072] The deflector 58 is shown in Figure 10 as being in the form of a hinged vane, but it should be clearly understood that any shape of deflector may be used in accordance with this disclosure. For example, the deflector 58 could be in the form of an airfoil, etc.
    [0073] In the configuration of Figure 10, the position of the deflector 58 may be dependent on a property (pressure) of the fluid composition 36.
    [0074] In figure 11, the actuator 60 is operated in response to the application or removal of a magnetic field. For example, the magnetic field could be applied by carrying a magnetic device 82 within the passage 80, which could extend through the tubular column 22 to a remote location.
    [0075] The actuator 60 in this configuration could include any material 68 discussed previously in relation to the configuration of Figure 8 (e.g., materials that may change shape or move in response to the application or removal of a magnetic field, shape memory materials magnet, magnetostrictors, permanent magnets, ferromagnetic materials, etc.).
    [0076] The magnetic device 82 can be any type of device that produces a magnetic field. Examples include permanent magnets, electromagnets, etc. Device 82 could be wired, slickline, etc., device could be dropped or pumped through passage 80, etc.
    [0077] A useful application of the configuration of figure 11 is to allow individual or multiple actuators 60 to be operated selectively. For example, in the well system 10 of Figure 1, it may be desired to increase or decrease the resistance to flow through some or all of the variables of the flow resistance systems 25. A magnetic dart could be dropped or pumped through all of the 25 systems to operate all 60 actuators, or a cable driven electromagnet could be selectively positioned adjacent to some of the systems to operate those selected actuators.
    [0078] Referring now further to Figure 12, an example graph of pressure or flow rate of fluid composition 36 versus time is representatively illustrated. Note that the pressure and/or flow rate can be selectively varied by operating the actuator 60 of the variable flow resistance system 25, and this variation in pressure and/or flow rate can be used to transmit a signal to a remote location.
    [0079] In Figure 13, the well system 10 is representatively illustrated while the uncoated section 14 of the well hole 12 is being drilled. The fluid composition 36 (known as drilling mud in this situation) is circulated through a tubular string 84 (a drill string in this situation), exiting a drill bit 86, and returning to the surface through the annular space 28.
    [0080] The actuator 60 can be operated using the controller 70, as described above, so that pressure and/or flow rate variations are produced in the fluid composition 36. These pressure and/or flow rate variations can have data, commands or other modulated information therefrom. In this way, signals can be transmitted to the remote location by the variable flux resistance system 25.
    [0081] As depicted in Figure 13, a telemetry receiver 88 at a remote location detects pressure and/or flow rate variations using one or more sensors 90 that measure these properties upstream and/or downstream of the system 25 In one example, the system 25 can transmit to the remote location the signals indicative of pressure and/or flow rate of measurements taken by measurement during drilling (MWD), recording during drilling (DPM), pressure during drilling ( PCD), or other sensors 92 interconnected in the tubular column 84.
    [0082] In other examples, the signal transmission capabilities of the system 25 could be used in production, injection, stimulation, completion or other types of operations. In a production operation (eg Figure 1), systems 25 could transmit signals indicative of flow rate, pressure, composition, temperature, etc. to a remote location. for each individual zone being produced.
    [0083] It may now be properly appreciated that the above description provides significant advances in the technique of variably restricting fluid flow in a well. Some or all of the examples of variable flow resistance system 25 described above may be remotely operated to reliably regulate flow between a formation 20 and an interior of a tubular column 22. Some or all of the examples of system 25 above described may be operated to transmit signals to a remote location, and/or may receive remotely transmitted signals to operate actuator 60.
    [0084] In one aspect, the above description describes a variable flow resistance system 25 for use with an underground well. System 25 may include a flow chamber 50 through which a fluid composition 36 flows, chamber 50 having multiple inlet flow paths 46, 48, and a flow resistance that varies depending on the proportions of fluid composition 36 that flows into chamber 50 through respective inlet flow paths 46, 48. An actuator 60 can vary the proportions of fluid composition 36 flowing into chamber 50 through respective inlet flow paths 46, 48 .
    [0085] Actuator 60 can divert fluid composition 36 toward an inlet flow path 46. Actuator 60 can displace a baffle 58 relative to a passage 44 through which fluid composition 36 flows.
    [0086] The actuator 60 may comprise a swellable material, a material that changes shape in response to contact with a selected fluid type, and/or a material that changes shape in response to a change in temperature.
    [0087] Actuator 60 may comprise a piezoceramic material, and/or a material selected from the following group: piezoelectric, pyroelectric, electrostrictor, magnetostrictor, magnetic shape memory, permanent magnet, ferromagnetic, swellable, polymer hydrogel, and memory thermally. Actuator 60 may comprise an electromagnetic actuator.
    [0088] System 25 may include a controller 70 which controls the operation of actuator 60. Controller 70 may respond to a signal transmitted from a remote location. The signal may comprise an electrical signal, a magnetic signal, and/or a signal selected from the following group: thermal, ion concentration, and fluid type. The fluid composition 36 can flow through the flow chamber 50 in the well.
    [0089] The system 25 may also include a fluid switch 66 which, in response to a change in a property of the fluid composition 36, varies the proportions of the fluid composition 36 flowing into the chamber 50 through the respective inlet flow paths 46, 48. The property may comprise at least one of the following group: velocity, viscosity, density, and desired fluid to unwanted fluid rate.
    [0090] Bypassing the fluid composition 36 by the actuator 60 can transmit a signal to a remote location. The signal may comprise pressure and/or flow rate variations.
    [0091] Also provided by the above description is a method for variably controlling the flow resistance in a well.
    [0092] The method may include changing an orientation of a baffle 58 relative to a passage 44 through which a fluid composition 36 flows, thereby influencing the fluid composition 36 to flow toward one of several flow paths. 46,48 of a flow chamber 50, the chamber 50 having a resistance to flow that varies depending on the proportions of fluid composition 36 flowing into the chamber 50 through respective inlet flow paths 46,48.
    [0093] Changing the orientation of the deflector 58 may include transmitting a signal to a remote location. Transmitting the signal may include a controller 70 selectively operating an actuator 60 that displaces baffle 58 with respect to passage 44.
    [0094] It should be understood that the various examples described above can be used in various orientations, such as tilted, inverted, horizontal, vertical, etc., and in various configurations, without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. The embodiments illustrated in the drawings are represented and described only as examples of useful applications of the principles of the disclosure, which are not limited to any specific details of these configurations.
    [0095] Of course, one skilled in the art, upon careful consideration of the above description of representative configurations, will readily appreciate that many modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, and other changes can be made to these specific configurations, and such changes are within the scope of the principles of this disclosure. Accordingly, the foregoing detailed description is to be clearly understood to be given by way of illustration and example only, the spirit and scope of the present disclosure being limited solely by the appended claims and their equivalents.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    1. Variable flow resistance system, for use with an underground well, characterized in that it comprises: - a flow chamber (50) arranged for the flow of a fluid composition therethrough, the chamber (50) having multiples inlet flow paths (46, 48), and a flow resistance which varies depending on the proportions of fluid composition (36) flowing into the chamber (50) through respective inlet flow paths (46, 48); and - an actuator (60) configured to move a deflector (58) in a passage (44) through which the fluid composition (36) is configured to flow, the proportions of the fluid composition (36) flowing to the interior of the chamber (50) through respective inlet flow paths (46, 48) are variable in response to displacement of the deflector (58); and - a pressure-operated fluid switch (66) which, in response to a change in a property of the fluid composition (36), is configured to vary the proportions of the fluid composition (36) flowing into the chamber. (50) through respective inflow paths (46, 48), with multiple chambers (64) being formed on one side of the passage (44), and each chamber (64) being in communication with the pressure operated fluid switch (66).
    [0002]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (60) comprises: - a swellable material; and/or - a material that changes shape in response to contact with a selected fluid type; and/or - a material that changes shape in response to a change in temperature.
    [0003]
    3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the property comprises at least one of the following group: velocity, viscosity, density, and desired fluid rate for undesirable fluid.
    [0004]
    4. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chamber (50) has first (46) and second (48) inlet flow paths, with the flow resistance varying depending on the proportions of fluid composition (36) flowing into the chamber (50) through respective first (46) and second (48) inlet flow paths, the actuator (60) being configured to bypass the composition from fluid (36) toward the first inlet flow path (46), the system comprising a controller (70) which is arranged to control the operation of the actuator (60), and where the controller (70) is responsive to a signal transmitted from a remote location.
    [0005]
    5. System according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the actuator (60) comprises: - a piezoceramic material; and/or - a material selected from the following group: piezoelectric, pyroelectric, electrostrictor, magnetostrictor, magnetic shape memory, permanent magnet, ferromagnetic, swellable, polymer hydrogel, and thermal shape memory; and/or - an electromagnetic actuator.
    [0006]
    6. System according to claim 5, characterized in that the signal comprises an electrical signal.
    [0007]
    7. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the signal comprises: - a magnetic signal; and/or - a type selected from the following group: thermal, ion concentration, and fluid type.
    [0008]
    8. System according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the fluid composition (36) flows through the flow chamber (50) in the well.
    [0009]
    9. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the fluid switch (66) is configured to vary the proportions of the fluid composition (36) that flows into the chamber (50) through the respective first ( 46) and second (48) flow inlet paths in response to a change in a property of the fluid composition (36) and, optionally, the property may comprise at least one of the following group: velocity, viscosity, density, and ratio of desired fluid to unwanted fluid.
    [0010]
    10. System according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the deviation of the fluid composition (36) by the actuator (60) transmits a signal to a remote location and, optionally, the signal being able to comprise variations of pressure; and/or wherein the signal may comprise flux rate variations.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN103477021A|2013-12-25|
    CN103477021B|2015-11-25|
    WO2012141880A2|2012-10-18|
    NO2634362T3|2018-08-25|
    EP2697473A2|2014-02-19|
    CO6811824A2|2013-12-16|
    CA2831093C|2015-09-15|
    RU2013148468A|2015-05-20|
    WO2012141880A3|2012-12-27|
    MX2013011876A|2013-11-01|
    US20120255739A1|2012-10-11|
    AU2012243214B2|2015-05-14|
    BR112013026041A2|2016-12-20|
    RU2558566C2|2015-08-10|
    MY159811A|2017-02-15|
    CA2831093A1|2012-10-18|
    AU2012243214A1|2013-10-24|
    US8678035B2|2014-03-25|
    EP2697473A4|2015-12-16|
    EP2697473B1|2018-02-07|
    SG193607A1|2013-10-30|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-15| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: AS CLASSIFICACOES ANTERIORES ERAM: E21B 21/08 , E21B 21/10 Ipc: E21B 34/08 (1980.01), E21B 43/12 (1968.09), E21B 4 |
    2019-10-22| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-23| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-06-08| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 27/03/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/084,025|US8678035B2|2011-04-11|2011-04-11|Selectively variable flow restrictor for use in a subterranean well|
    US13/084,025|2011-04-11|
    PCT/US2012/030641|WO2012141880A2|2011-04-11|2012-03-27|Selectively variable flow restrictor for use in a subterranean well|
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